IA2030 – IG 1.1 Reduce VPD outbreaks

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Indicator selected for global monitoring for Immunization Agenda 2030 Strategic Priority Goal 1: Prevent disease.

Global, regional, and country partners can use evaluation findings for operational planning, and for communication and advocacy to:

• Ensure timely availability and strategic allocation of vaccines and supplies, mobilization of trained human resources for outbreak response

• Ensure capacity of immunization programmes to anticipate, prepare for, detect and rapidly respond to VPD and emerging disease outbreaks

• Ensure capacity of immunization programmes to establish timely and appropriate immunization service delivery during emergencies and in communities affected by conflict, disaster and humanitarian crisis

• Ensure vaccine introduction and scale up of coverage to prevent newly emerging VPDs

• Use measles cases and outbreaks as a tracer to identify weaknesses in immunization programmes, and to guide programmatic planning in identifying and addressing these weaknesses

Number of vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks meeting size criteria for large or disruptive outbreaks* as outlined below: Cholera: In highly endemic countries, a threshold increase in the annual number of reported cases compared to the average annual incidence over the past 5 years. Or for countries that are endemic-epidemic, over 12,000 cases reported annually. Ebola: >50 cases. Measles: Incidence equal to or greater than 20 reported measles cases per million population over a period of 12 months. Incidence is calculated as Number of cases / population * 1,000,000. The number of cases are the official case numbers published through the WHO/UNICEF joint data collection process. Country population estimates used for the denominator are the official United Nations population estimates prepared by the Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, as reflected in the most recent revision of the World Population Prospects (WPP). Meningococcus: A cumulative attack rate >100 suspected meningitis cases per 100,000 population within one year in a given population based on a definition used for the African meningitis belt. Each region will set its own definitions for epidemics/outbreaks and targets for reduction according to local epidemiology. Polio - wild poliovirus (WPV): Greater than or equal to 1 WPV from any source (e.g., cases, environmental surveillance, contacts, healthy children's samples) in a country per year AND confirmation of local circulation in accordance with the standard operating procedures for outbreak response. Polio - circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV): Greater than or equal to 1 cVDPV from any source (e.g., cases, environmental surveillance, contacts, healthy children's samples) in a country per year AND evidence of local circulation in accordance with the standard operating procedures for outbreak response. Yellow fever: 5 cases in endemic areas. Or >1 cases in an area previously without yellow fever. • Baseline: Average number of large or disruptive vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks from 2018-2020 is reported as the baseline • Target: Measles, polio, meningococcus, yellow fever, cholera, and Ebola all separately show a declining trend in the global annual number of large outbreaks by 2030

Large or disruptive outbreak – VPD outbreak meeting defined VPD-specific criteria: • Measles: • Wild poliovirus: • Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus: • Meningococcus: • Yellow fever: • Cholera: • Ebola viral disease (EVD):

WHO Region

Outcome

Step 1: Step 1: Across all WHO Member States, calculate the number of large or disruptive vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks. Large or disruptive VPD outbreaks are identified using data collected by the International Coordinating Group for Vaccine Provision, WHO Headquarters and WHO Regional Offices with technical assistance from VPD control, elimination, and eradication initiatives. For multi-country outbreaks, each country’s portion of the outbreak is assessed separately. Currently, this indicator captures outbreaks of seven VPDs. This indicator may be revised to capture additional VPDs, especially as additional diseases become vaccine preventable.

Sum

N/A

N/A

Annual

Annual

vpdata@who.int

7774

Disease outbreak definitions vary between countries and regions according to local context and level of progress towards regional elimination and control goals. The definitions of large or disruptive outbreaks used here aims to complement and not replace the national and regional definitions, while also providing a degree of global standardization and permitting tracking of progress against a common metric.