Skip to main content
Global
Regions
WHO Regional websites
Africa
Americas
South-East Asia
Europe
Eastern Mediterranean
Western Pacific
When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select.
Select language
Select language
English
العربية
中文
Français
Русский
Español
Home
Health Topics
All topics
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Resources
Fact sheets
Facts in pictures
Multimedia
Podcasts
Publications
Questions and answers
Tools and toolkits
Popular
Dengue
Endometriosis
Excessive heat
Herpes
Mental disorders
Mpox
Countries
All countries
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Regions
Africa
Americas
Eastern Mediterranean
Europe
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
WHO in countries
Data by country
Country presence
Country strengthening
Country cooperation strategies
Newsroom
All news
News releases
Statements
Campaigns
Events
Feature stories
Press conferences
Speeches
Commentaries
Photo library
Headlines
Emergencies
Focus on
Cholera
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
Greater Horn of Africa
Israel and occupied Palestinian territory
Mpox
Sudan
Ukraine
Latest
Disease Outbreak News
Situation reports
Rapid risk assessments
Weekly Epidemiological Record
WHO in emergencies
Surveillance
Alert and response
Operations
Research
Funding
Partners
Health emergency appeals
International Health Regulations
Independent Oversight and Advisory Committee
Data
Data at WHO
Data hub
Global Health Estimates
Mortality
Health inequality
Dashboards
Triple Billion Progress
Sustainable Development Goals
Health Inequality Monitor
Delivery for impact
COVID-19 dashboard
Data collection
Classifications
SCORE
Surveys
Civil registration and vital statistics
Routine health information systems
Harmonized health facility assessment
GIS centre for health
Reports
World Health Statistics
UHC global monitoring report
About WHO
About WHO
Who we are
Organizational structure
Technical teams
Collaborating centres
Committees and advisory groups
Partnerships
Our work
Activities
Initiatives
General Programme of Work
WHO Academy
Funding
Investment in WHO
WHO Foundation
Accountability
External audit
Financial statements
Internal audit and investigations
Programme Budget
Results reports
Governance
Governing bodies
World Health Assembly
Executive Board
Member States Portal
Home
/
Newsroom
/
Articles
Articles
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
American Samoa
Andorra
Angola
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Benin
Bermuda
Bhutan
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
British Virgin Islands (UK)
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cabo Verde
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cayman Islands
Central African Republic
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Comoros
Congo
Cook Islands
Costa Rica
Côte d’Ivoire
Croatia
Cuba
Curaçao
Cyprus
Czechia
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Eswatini
Ethiopia
Faroe Islands
Fiji
Finland
France
French Guiana
French Polynesia
Gabon
Gambia
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guam
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR (China)
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kiribati
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macao SAR (China)
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Marshall Islands
Martinique
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro
Montserrat
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
Netherland Antilles
Netherlands
New Caledonia (France)
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Niue
North Macedonia
Northern Mariana Islands, Commonwealth of the (USA)
Norway
occupied Palestinian territory
Oceania
Oman
Pakistan
Palau
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Pitcairn Islands (UK)
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Republic of Korea
Republic of Moldova
Réunion
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Samoa
San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Suriname
Sweden
Switzerland
Syrian Arab Republic
Tajikistan
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Togo
Tokelau
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Türkiye
Turkmenistan
Turks and Caicos
Tuvalu
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
United Republic of Tanzania
United States of America
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Viet Nam
Wallis and Futuna (France)
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
2026
2025
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
Access to Assistive Technology and Medical Devices (ATM)
Access to Medicines and Health Products (MHP)
Access to Medicines and Health Products ADGO (MHA)
Accounts, Policy and Reporting (APR)
Acute Events Analytics (ANA)
Acute Events Epidemiology (AEE)
Acute Events Management (AEM)
Adolescent and Young Adult Health (AYH)
Ageing and Health (AAH)
Agenda, Policy & Strategy (APS)
Air Quality, Energy and Health (AQE)
Alcohol, Drugs and Addictive Behaviors (ADA)
Alert and Response Coordination (ARC)
Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research (HSR)
AMR ADGO (AMA)
AMR, Infection Control and Publications
Antimicrobial Resistance Division (AMR)
Application and Information Management (AIM)
Assistive Technology (ATA)
Awareness, Campaigns and Advocacy (ACA)
Be Healthy, Be Mobile (BHM)
Biorisk Reduction for Dangerous Pathogens
Biosecurity & Health Security Protection (BSP)
Blood and other Products of Human Origin (BTT)
Border Health Risk Dissemination (BRD)
Brain Health (BRH)
Budget Coordination and Grant Management (BCG)
Business Operations (BOS)
Business Operations ADGO BOS (BOA)
Business Relationship Management (BRM)
Capacity Buildng & Collab to accelerate 3B targets (CBC)
CDS ADGO Office of the Assistant DG
Chemical Safety and Health Unit (CHE)
Chief Nurse Office (CNO)
Chief Scientist and Science Division (SCI)
Chief Technology Officer Office (CTO)
Child Health and Development (CHD)
Classifications and Terminologies (CAT)
Climate Change and Health (CCH)
Clinical Services and Systems (CSY)
Collaborative Intelligence (COL)
Communicable Diseases
Communications POL
Community Readiness and Resilience (CRR)
Compensation and Pension Services (CPS)
Compliance and Risk Management and Ethics (CRE)
Contraception and Fertility Care (CFC)
Control and Response Strategies (CSR)
Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD)
Country Capacity for IHR (CCI)
Country Health Emergency Preparedness & IHR (CPI)
Country Impact (CIU)
Country Readiness Strengthening (CRS)
Country Simulation Exercises and Reviews (CER)
Country Strategy and Support (CSS)
Country Support and Engagement (CSE)
COVAX
Cross Cutting HIV Expert (HIV)
Cross-cutting HEP Expert (GHP)
Cross-cutting STI Expert (STI)
Cybersecurity (CST)
Data and Analytics (DNA)
Data Coordination and Governance (CGN)
Data Exchange (DEX)
Data, Analytics & Delivery for impact (DDI)
Data, Evidence and Knowledge (DEK)
Delivery for Impact (DFI)
Demographic Change and Healthy Ageing (DHA)
Department of Communications (DCO)
Deputy Director-General Office (DDG)
Detection & Interruption (DAI)
Diagnostics, Medicines & Resistance (DMR)
Digital Health and Innovation (DHI)
Digital, Social & Visual (DSV)
Director-General Office (DGO)
Director's Office (DIO)
Director's Office (DRO)
Director's Office (EHD)
Director's Office (NFD)
Disaster Risk Management and Resilience (DDR)
Disease Control in Humanitarian Emergencies
Due Diligence & Non-State Actors (DAN)
Ebola Virus Outbreak Response (EVO)
Economic Evaluation and Analysis (EEA)
Elimination UCN (ELI)
Emergency Operations (EMO)
Emergency Operations Center (EOC)
Emergency Preparedness (WPE)
Emergency Preparedness ADGO (EPA)
Emergency Response (WRE)
Emergency Response ADGO (ERA)
Emerging and Dangerous Pathogens
Emerging Diseases and Zoonoses (EZD)
Emerging Tech, Research Prioritisation & Support (EPS)
Engagement Established Government Contributors (EEG)
Engagement Funds, Banks, Multilaterals (FBM)
Engagement Health Emergencies (EHE)
Enhanced Well-being (WEL)
Environment, Climate Change and Health (ECH)
Envoy for Multilateral Affairs (EMA)
Epidemic and Emerging Diseases
Epidemic and Pandemic Alert and Response (EPR)
Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention (EPP)
Epidemic Forecast & Infectious Hazard Strategies (EFI)
Epidemic Readiness and Interventions
Epidemiology, Monitoring and Evaluation UHL (EME)
Equity and Health (EQH)
Essential Medicines (EML)
Essential Programme on Immunization (EPI)
Evaluation Unit (EVL)
Evidence and Analytics for Health Security (EHS)
Evidence and Innovation (EIU)
Evidence to policy & impact (ERP)
EXD Office Health Emergencies Preparedness (HEO)
Expert Committee on Drug Dependence (ECD)
External Relations & Governance (EXT)
External Relations and Governance EXDGO (EXA)
Facilitated Product Introduction (FPI)
Field Epidemiology Strengthening (FEP)
Field Epidemiology Support (FES)
Finance (FNM)
Finance Director's office (FDO)
Fiscal Policies for Health (TAX)
Food & Nutrition Action in Health Systems (AHS)
Gender, Rights and Equity - Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (GRE)
Genomics and Analytics (GAA)
Global Alert & Response
Global Alert and Response Operations
Global Board of Appeal (GBA)
Global Capacities, Alert and Response
Global Coordination and Partnership (GCP)
Global Coordination Mechanism Secretariat for NCDs
Global Health Cluster (GHC)
Global HIV, Hepatitis and STIs Programmes (HHS)
Global Influenza Programme (GIP)
Global Malaria Programme (GMP)
Global Malaria Strategy & Agenda Setting (STR)
Global noncommunicable-diseases platform
Global Preparedness Monitoring Board Secretariat (PMB)
Global Preparedness, Surveillance and Response
Global Programme on Tuberculosis and Lung Health (GTB)
Global Service Centre (GSC)
Governance (GOV)
Governance and Review Services (GOR)
Governing Bodies (GBS)
Health and Migration Programme (PHM)
Health and Multilateral Partnerships (HMP)
Health Care Readiness (HCR)
Health Emergency Information and Risk Assessment (HIM)
Health Emergency Intelligence and Surveillance Systems (WSE)
Health Emergency Interventions (HEI)
Health Ethics & Governance (HEG)
Health Financing (HEF)
Health Information & Advocacy (HID)
Health Information Systems Strengthening (HIS)
Health Intelligence Architecture (HIN)
Health Labour Market and partnerships (HLM)
Health Product Policy and Standards (HPS)
Health Promotion (HPR)
Health Security and Environment (HSE)
Health Security Interface
Health Security Preparedness (HSP)
Health Services Performance Assessment (HSA)
Health Systems Governance and Financing (HGF)
Health Workforce (HWF)
High Burden to High Impact (HBI)
High Impact Epidemics (EHI)
High Impact Events Preparedness (IEP)
HIV/AIDS (HIV)
HRH Policies and Standards (HWP)
HRP Secretariat (SRT)
Human Resources and Talent Management (HRT)
Humanitarian Intervention (FCV)
IHR Capacity Assessment, Development & Maintenance
IHR Monitoring, Procedures and Information
Immunization Analysis & Insights (IAI)
Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals (IVB)
Impact Initiatives and Research Coordination (IRC)
In Vitro Diagnostics Assessment (IVD)
Incidents and SF (ISF)
Income, Awards and Donor Reporting (AWD)
Independent Oversight Advisory Committee - IOAC DGO
Infection Prevention and Control (IPC)
Influenza Preparedness and Response (IPR)
Influenza, Hepatitis and PIP Framework
Information for Response (SIR)
Information Management & Communication
Information Management and Technology (IMT)
Information Systems and Analytics (ISA)
INN and Classification of Medical Products (INN)
Innovation and Emerging Technologies (IET)
Innovation and Translational Research for Epidemics
Innovation Hub (INV)
Insights and Analytics (IAA)
Inspection Services (INS)
Integrated Health Services (IHS)
Intelligence Innovation and Integration (III)
Interagency Policy for Emergencies (IPE)
Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety
Internal and Leadership (ILE)
International Health Partnership for UHC 2030 (IHP)
International Health Regulations (IHR) Secretariat
IP Management (IPM)
Laboratory Networks and Services (LNS)
Language Services (LNG)
Learning and Capacity Development (LCD)
Learning Solutions and Training (LST)
Less Alcohol (LES)
Local Production and Assistance (LPA)
Logistics Support and Services (LSS)
Lyon Office Management (RLM)
Management Office (MOW)
Management-Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment (MND)
Maternal and Perinatal Health (MPH)
Maternal Health (MAH)
Maternal, Newborn, Child & Adolescent Health & Ageing (MCA)
Medical Devices and Diagnostics (MDD)
Medicines Assessment (MED)
Medicines Selection, IP and Affordability (MIA)
Mental Health (MHE)
Mental Health, Brain Health and Substance Use (MSD)
Methods
Monitoring and Surveillance Nutrition and Food Safety (MNF)
Monitoring, Forecasting & Inequalities (MFI)
More Physical Activity (RUN)
Multisectoral Action in Food Systems (AFS)
Multisectoral Engagement for Health Security (MHS)
National Action Plans and Monitoring and Evaluation (NPM)
NCD Integrated Support (NIS)
Network and Collaborations (NCO)
Newborn Health (NBH)
News, Emergencies & Crisis (NEC)
No Tobacco (TFI)
Noncommunicable Diseases, Rehabilitation and Disability (NCD)
Norms and Standards for Biological Products (NSB)
Norms and Standards for Pharmaceuticals (NSP)
Nutrition and Food Safety (NFS)
Office of Chief Scientist (SCA)
Office of Internal Oversight (IOS)
Office of the ADG (WSO)
Office of the Deputy Director-General (DDO)
Office of the Director (HDO)
Office of the Director (MDO)
Office of the Director GTB (ODT)
Office of the Director HHS (ODH)
Office of the Director MSD (ODM)
Office of the Director NCD (ODN)
Office of the Director NTD (DOF)
Office of the Director-General (ODG)
Office of the Legal Counsel (LEG)
Office of the Ombudsman and Mediation Services (OMB)
Office of the Publisher (WHP)
Office of the Publisher SCI
One Health Initiative
Operational Support and Services (OSS)
Operations Support & Logistics (OSL)
Outbreak Preparedness & Response (OBR)
Pandemic and Epidemic Diseases
Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence Systems (ISY)
Pandemic Influenza Preparedness WPE (PIP)
Pandemic preparedness Global Platforms (PGP)
Partnership for Health Financing (PHF)
Partnership for Maternal Newborn and Child Health (NMC)
Partnerships and Non-State Actors (PNA)
Patient Safety & Quality of Care (QOC)
Pharmacovigilance (PVG)
Planning, Analysis & Risk Management (PAR)
Planning, Resource Coordination and Per Monitoring (PRP)
Policy and Partnerships (PPU)
Policy, Law & Human Rights (PLR)
Policy, Planning and Management (PPM)
Polio Eradication (POL)
Polio Transition Programme (PTP)
Prequalification (PQT)
Prevention of and Response to Sexual Misconduct (PRS)
Prevention of Unsafe Abortion (PUA)
Prevention, Treatment and Care (PTC)
Pricing and Affordability (AAP)
Process Efficiency
Procurement and Supply Services (SUP)
Product & Delivery Research (PDR)
Product Design & Impact
Programme Innovation and Management (PIM)
Programme Management
Protocol (PRO)
Public Digital Health Technology (PDH)
Public Health Intelligence (Acute Events) (PHI)
Public Health Laboratory Strengthening (PHL)
Public Health Law and Policies (LAW)
Quality Assurance of Norms and Standards (QNS)
R&D Blue Print (RDB)
Radiation and health (RAD)
Readiness Assessment Prioritization (RAP)
Records and Archives (RAS)
Regulation and Prequalification (RPQ)
Regulation and safety (REG)
Regulatory Convergence and Networks (RCN)
Regulatory Systems Strengthening MHP (RSS)
Research Capacity Strengthening (RCS)
Research for Health (RFH)
Research for Implementation (IMP)
Research Leadership and Capacity Strengthening (RLC)
Resource Coordination & Donor Analytics (BCG)
Resource Mobilization & Communication POL
Resource Mobilization (CRM)
Resource Mobilization POL
Rights and Equality Across the Life Course (REL)
Safety and Mobility (SAM)
SDH Director's Office (SDO)
Security Services department (SEC)
Sensory Functions, Disability and Rehabilitation (SDR)
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (SRH)
Social Determinants of Health (SDH)
Special Initiatives (WSI)
Special Programme for (TDR)
Special Programme on Primary Health Care (PHC)
SRH Integration in Health Systems (SHS)
Staff Health and Wellbeing (SHW)
Standards & Scientific Advice on Food Nutrition (SSA)
Strategic Health Operations (SHO)
Strategic Information Analysis & Use (SIA)
Strategic Information and Analytics (SAI)
Strategic Operations (STO)
Strategic Planning & Performance Monitoring (SPM)
Strategic Planning and Partnership (SPP)
Strategy & Governance (STG)
Strategy and Guidelines (SAG)
Strategy, Planning & Coordination (SCD)
Support to IHR Capacity Development
Surveillance & Evidence and Laboratory Strengthening (SEL)
Surveillance Systems (SRV)
Surveillance, Labs & Data (SLD)
Surveillance, Monitoring and Reporting (SMR)
Surveillance, Prevention and Control (SPC)
Surveys, CRVS, and Health Service Data (SCH)
System’s Governance and Stewardship (SGS)
System's Governance and Policy (HGS)
Talent Acquisition and Management (TAM)
TB Monitoring, Evaluation & Strategic Information (TME)
TB Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, Care & Innovation (PCI)
TB Vulnerable Populations, Communities & Comorbidities (VCC)
TDR Director's Office (DIR)
Technical Standards and Specifications (TSS)
Testing, Prevention and Populations (TPP)
Traditional Medicine Digital Health Applications Unit (TDH)
Traditional Medicine Global Summit (TGS)
Traditional Medicine Indigenous Knowledges & Biodiversity (TIB)
Traditional Medicine Research and Evidence (TRE)
Traditional Medicine, PHC and UHC (TPU)
Traditional, Complementary and Integrative Medicine (TCI)
Transformation Implementation and Change (TIC)
Treatment, Care and Service Delivery (TAC)
Tripartite Joint Secretariat (TJS)
UHC - Communicable & Noncommunicable Diseases (UCN)
UHC - Life Course (UHL)
UHC Healthier Populations (HEP)
UHC/Communicable and Noncommunicable Diseases ADGO (UCA)
UHC/Life Course EXDGO (UHA)
Vaccine Alliances & Partnerships (VAP)
Vaccines & Immunization Devices Assessment (VAX)
Vector Control and Resistance UCN (VCR)
Vector Control Products Assessment (VCP)
Veterinary Public Health, Vector Control and Environment (VVE)
Violence Prevention (PVL)
Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health (WSH)
WHO Academy
WHO Centre for Health Development (WKC)
WHO Global Centre for Traditional Medicine (TMC)
WHO Headquarters (HQ)
WHO Health Emergencies Programme (WHE)
WHO Library (LDI)
WHO Office at the United Nations (WUN)
Zika Emergency Response (ZIK)
Call for authors
Call for consultant
Call for consultation
Call for data
Call for experts
Call for nominations
Call for proposals
Call for submissions
Case study
Expression of interest
Travel Advice
Load more