Improving Vaccine Effectiveness Studies: A vital step before the next pandemic

Valid and rigorous observational vaccine effectiveness studies are needed, especially during an epidemic or outbreak, to advance evidence-based programmatic and policy decisions. The goal of this consultation is to summarize critical issues in vaccine effectiveness studies with discussions on best practices and standards. Epidemiologic and statistical experts will explore aspects of study design and analysis regarding the follow components – sources of bias, methods to address bias, and transparent reporting and synthesis.

Meeting's recording

PRESENTATIONS

Thursday 14 September 2023

WELCOME!​

The need for standards for vaccine effectiveness studies​ by Phil Krause

Considering factors that may influence protective results of vaccination by Ira Longini​

Addressing confounding in studies of vaccine effectiveness by Joseph Lewnard

Healthy Vaccinee Bias by Tracy Hoeg

Addressing misclassification bias in vaccine effectiveness studies with an application to Covid-19 by Paolo Eusebi

Selection Bias by Korryn Bodner

Selection Bias in COVID-19 Test Negative Design Studies by Eric TT

Differential depletion of susceptibles by Rebecca Kahn

Waning Immunity by Noam Barda

Design of Vaccine Effectiveness of Studies Using Large Administrative Databases: How was Bias Addressed by Vajeera Dorabawila

Using Large Public Health Databases: Vaccine Effectiveness by Ron Brookmeyer

Reproducibility and Generalizability in Vaccine Effectiveness Studies by Emily Ricotta

Randomization during vaccine deployment by Richard Peto

Meeting Summary by Phil Krause

Learning materials available using the following links below

A systematic review of methodological approaches for evaluating real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: Advising resource-constrained settings

Addressing misclassification bias in vaccine effectiveness studies with an application to Covid-19

Challenges in Estimating the Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccination Using Observational Data

Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness and the Test-Negative Design

Double Negative Control Inference in Test-Negative Design Studies of Vaccine Effectiveness

Estimating the effectiveness of first dose of COVID-19 vaccine against mortality in England: a quasi-experimental study

Estimating the population-level impact of vaccines using synthetic controls

Estimating Vaccine Effectiveness by Linking Population-Based Health Registries: Some Sources of Bias

Evaluation of post-introduction COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness: Summary of interim guidance of the World Health Organization

Frequency and impact of confounding by indication and healthy vaccinee bias in observational studies assessing influenza vaccine effectiveness: a systematic review

Further evidence for bias in observational studies of influenza vaccine effectiveness: the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic

Identifying and Alleviating Bias Due to Differential Depletion of Susceptible People in Postmarketing Evaluations of COVID-19 Vaccines

Methods to account for measured and unmeasured confounders in influenza relative vaccine effectiveness studies: A brief review of the literature

Observational studies must be reformed before the next pandemic

Observed negative vaccine effectiveness could be the canary in the coal mine for biases in observational COVID-19 studies

Retrospective, Observational Studies for Estimating Vaccine Effects on the Secondary Attack Rate of SARS-CoV-2

The potential effect of temporary immunity as a result of bias associated with healthy users and social determinants on observations of influenza vaccine effectiveness; could unmeasured confounding explain observed links between seasonal influenza vaccine and pandemic H1N1 infection?

The role of observational studies based on secondary data in studying SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

The ups and downs of observational vaccine research

Theoretical Framework for Retrospective Studies of the Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines

Use of Recently Vaccinated Individuals to Detect Bias in Test-Negative Case–Control Studies of COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness