Continuum of care for noncommunicable disease management during the migration cycle

Overview

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a major health burden worldwide but global NCD policies do not specifically address refugees and migrants. This interpretative synthesis of academic and grey literature published between 2010 and 2021 identified major challenges for NCDs in refugees and migrants because of the multifaceted dynamics of the migration processes. NCD risk factors are exacerbated by social determinants of health surrounding the migration process. Access to health care for NCDs can depend on the availability and affordability of health care in countries of origin, transit and destinations and on the type of migratory journey undertaken. Migrant-specific barriers in accessing NCD services include cultural and language differences, social exclusion, and discrimination; legal status can also be a significant barrier in some countries. Policy considerations are put forth on the need for strengthened governance and policies, research and data monitoring, and health service delivery to ensure inclusive NCD actions in internationally agreed goals and targets.