Methods used by WHO to estimate the global burden of TB disease

This technical appendix describes methods used by WHO in 2023 to estimate the following: tuberculosis (TB) incidence and mortality for the period 2010–2022; TB incidence and mortality disaggregated by age and sex for 2022; proportion of TB cases with rifampicin-resistant (RR) TB,which includes multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB (together referred to as MDR/RR-TB), and incidence of MDR/RR-TB for the period of 2015-2022; mortality due to MDR/RR-TB in 2021; proportion of MDR/RR-TB cases with fluoroquinolone resistance (pre-extensively drug-resistant TB, pre-XDRTB) in 2022; number of deaths averted by TB interventions from 2010-2022; number of  household contacts of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB cases aged under 5 years and eligible for TB preventive therapy (TPT) in 2015-2022; and attributable risk for TB in 2022.