WHO implementation handbook for national action plans on antimicrobial resistance: guidance for the human health sector

The "WHO implementation handbook for national action plans on antimicrobial resistance: guidance for the human health sector" (accessible for download on the right) aims to: 

  • provide a practical, stepwise approach to the implementation of a national action plan (NAP) on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the human health sector; and
  • provide a collation of WHO guidance and tools to support implementation along with appropriate checklists.

This webpage provides an overview of the six steps for sustainable implementation of NAPs on AMR in the human health sector, as well as a selection of important WHO guidance and tools to support each step. The full list of resources can be found in the publication on the right. The resources provided here will be updated on a regular basis as new WHO guidance and tools become available. A  WHO Online course “6 steps for sustainable implementation of national action plans on antimicrobial resistance” is also available.

The six steps for sustainable implementation of NAPs on AMR are:

1. Strengthen coordination, collaboration and governance for NAP on AMR implementation

2. Prioritize activities for implementation

3. Develop a costed operational plan

4. Identify funding gaps and mobilize resources for implementation

5. Implement NAP AMR activities

6. Monitor and evaluate the NAP on AMR

3 October 2022

WHO implementation handbook for national action plans on AMR in the human health sector
WHO implementation handbook for national action plans on antimicrobial resistance: guidance for the human health sector
28 February 2022

WHO implementation handbook for national action plans on antimicrobial resistance: guidance for the human...

In 2015 the World Health Assembly endorsed the Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) calling on countries to develop and implement national...

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Step 1: Strengthen coordination, collaboration and governance for NAP on AMR implementation

Steps for implementation

1.1  Establish a national/subnational governance structure 
1.2  Establish membership and terms of reference (TORs) for multisectoral coordinating mechanism(s) 
1.3  Establish membership and TORs of technical working groups (TWGs)
1.4  Build capacity for effective coordination and governance on AMR 

Resources

Step 2: Prioritize activities for implementation

Steps for implementation

1.1 Review the current situation and identify implementation goals 
1.2 Identify key activities for prioritization 
1.3 Prioritize activities based on an agreed scope and approach

Resources

Step 3: Develop a costed operational plan

Steps for implementation

1.1 Develop or revise a time-bound operational plan 
1.2 Cost and budget the prioritized activities

Step 4: Identify funding gaps and mobilize resources for implementation

Step 5: Implement NAP AMR activities

Step 6: Monitor and evaluate the NAP AMR

Develop the NAP on AMR

If a NAP on AMR has not been developed yet, the resources below provide guidance on the process and steps for preparing a plan, conducting situational analyses, setting objectives and priorities, and strategic planning and budgeting as well as current examples of NAPs on AMR.

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