Monitoring noncommunicable diseases and injuries in cities
The world is undergoing rapid urbanization. By 2020, approximately 56% of the world's population were living in urban areas, and this growing trend is expected to continue. It is therefore essential that cities offer environments which promote health and well-being for their inhabitants.
Two major health challenges facing cities are noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) – including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases – and injuries. Poorly planned urbanization, as well as the impact of urban lifestyles on living environments, employment patterns and incomes, can increase population exposure to multiple risk factors for NCDs and injuries. These include polluted air, unsafe roads, a lack of opportunities for physical activity, obesogenic environments, and exposure to harmful substances. Yet many of these risk factors are modifiable and can be influenced in a positive way through a city’s policies, programs and infrastructure.
The WHO city-level monitoring guidance for prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases and injuries offers a starter set of indicators and an assessment methodology for tracking implementation of effective interventions for tackling NCDs and injuries in urban settings. The guidance document features 34 core and 22 optional indicators which can be used by cities to assess or monitor progress on different topics. The guidance offers standard metadata to allow consistent assessment across time and geographic settings. An Excel-based assessment instrument can be used to generate achievement levels for each indicator.
A separate report demonstrates how the indicators can be used by sharing a baseline assessment in 20 cities from around the world, conducted as part of the piloting process for the indicators. Each city profile shows the availability of indicators across all 8 topic areas, highlighting areas of strength and potential opportunities for future development.
City-level monitoring guidance for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases and injuries
The guidance document provides a set of indicators for assessing the status of development, implementation and monitoring of key policy interventions for...
The guidance document provides a set of indicators for assessing the status of development, implementation and monitoring of key policy interventions for prevention and control of NCDs and injuries. It promotes city-level evidence based decision-making processes to identify gaps and take appropriates actions to strengthen responses. Additionally, using the standardized indicators can facilitate cross-city learning, sharing best practices and lessons learnt in implementing various policy interventions.
City-level monitoring guidance for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases and injuries
This assessment instrument intends to facilitate the review of core and optional indicators outlined in the document, City-level monitoring guidance for...
The assessment instrument contains 8 modules to assess key policy topics on air pollution reduction, alcohol control, overdose prevention, promoting healthy diets, road safety, safe walking and cycling, tobacco control and NCD and injury surveillance. City-level authorities can use this Excel-based tool to generate the status of city indicators on all or selected modules of interest.
Monitoring noncommunicable diseases and injuries: a baseline assessment in 20 cities
This report presents the experiences of 20 cities who were involved in the development of monitoring guidance to address noncommunicable diseases and injuries....
Between 2021-23, a baseline assessment using the indicators in the monitoring guidance was conducted in 20 cities from around the world. This report summarizes the results and features city profiles which provide a snapshot of each city’s status in all 8 policy areas. It also includes case studies on local experiences of implementing effective interventions to tackle NCDs and injuries.